How does seat belt work?
Inertia can be used
to explain the operation of one type of seat belt mechanism. In the event of an accident, the purpose of the seat belt is to hold the passenger firmly in place relative to the car, to prevent serious injury. Figure illustrates how one type of shoulder harness operates. Under normal conditions, the ratchet turns freely to allow the harness to wind on or unwind from the pulley as the passenger moves. In an accident, the car undergoes a large acceleration and rapidly comes to rest. Because of its inertia, the large block under the seat continues to slide forward along the tracks. The pin connection between the block and the rod causes the rod to pivot about its center and engage the ratchetwheel. At this point, the ratchet wheel locks in place and the harness no longer unwinds.
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